Pinta nina and santa maria9/3/2023 Pedro de Salcedo, servant of Columbus and ship's boy.Juan (Horacio Crassocius from La Rabida Friary).James Wardropper (Lord of the Wardrobes).Rodrigo de Escobedo, secretary of the fleet.Cristoforo Colon ( Christopher Columbus), captain-general.The crew of Santa María is well-known, albeit in many cases, there are no surnames and the crewman's place of origin was used to differentiate him from others with the same given name. This also applies to the second voyage, even though the syndicate had by then disbanded. Hence, all the accounting and recording of the voyage was kept in Seville. ĭespite the romantic legend that the Queen of Spain had used a necklace that she had received from her husband the king as collateral for a loan, the voyage was principally financed by a syndicate of seven noble Genovese bankers resident in Seville (the group was linked to Amerigo Vespucci and funds belonging to Lorenzo di Pier Francesco de Medici). It is true, however, that the Spanish sovereigns offered an amnesty to convicts who signed up for the voyage still, only four men took up the offer: one who had killed a man in a fight, and three friends of his who had then helped him escape from jail. Many were experienced seamen from the port of Palos in Andalusia and its surrounding countryside, as well as from the region of Galicia in northwest Spain. Crew Ĭolumbus' crew was not composed of criminals as is widely believed. Fastenings used in the hull and possible copper sheathing dated it to the 17th or 18th century. In the following October, UNESCO's expert team published their final report, concluding that the wreck could not be Columbus's vessel. On, underwater archaeological explorer Barry Clifford claimed that his team had found the wreck of Santa María. One of the anchors now rests in the Musée du Panthéon National Haïtien (MUPANAH), in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Santa María carried several anchors, possibly six. The timbers were later used to build a fort which Columbus called La Navidad (Christmas) because the wreck occurred on Christmas Day, north from the modern town of Limonade ( see map, and the photograph). Realizing that the ship was beyond repair, Columbus ordered his men to strip the timbers from the ship. With the boy at the helm, the currents carried the ship onto a sandbank, running her aground off the present-day site of Cap-Haïtien, Haiti. The night being calm, the steersman also decided to sleep, leaving only a cabin boy to steer the ship, a practice which the admiral had always strictly forbidden. Then on the return trip, on 24 December (1492), not having slept for two days, Columbus decided at 11:00 p.m. With three masts, Santa María was the slowest of Columbus' vessels but performed well in the Atlantic Ocean crossing. Santa María, being Columbus' largest ship, was only about this size, and Niña and Pinta were smaller, at only 50 to 75 tons burden and perhaps 15 to 18 metres (49 to 59 ft) on deck (updated dimensional estimates are discussed below in the section entitled Replicas). Both were caravel vessels 19 m (62 ft) in length overall, 12.6 m (41 ft) keel length and 5 to 5.7 m (16 to 19 ft) in width, and rated between 100 and 150 tons burden. These include the ballast piles and keel lengths of the Molasses Reef Wreck and Highborn Cay Wreck in the Bahamas. The exact measurements of length and width of the three ships have not survived, but good estimates of their burden capacity can be judged from contemporary anecdotes written down by one or more of Columbus's crew members, and contemporary Spanish and Portuguese shipwrecks from the late 15th and early 16th centuries which are comparable in size to that of Santa María. Niña, Pinta, and the Santa María were modest-sized merchant vessels comparable in size to a modern cruising yacht. All these ships were second-hand (if not third- or more) and were not intended for exploration. The other ships of the Columbus expedition were the smaller caravel-type ships Santa Clara one particular ship sailed for 46 years and was remembered as La Niña (" The Girl"), and La Pinta (" The Painted"). Santa María had a single deck and three small masts. Santa María was probably a medium-sized nau ( carrack), about 58 ft (17.7 m) long on deck, and according to Juan Escalante de Mendoza in 1575, Santa Maria was " very little larger than 100 toneladas" (about 100 tons, or tuns) burthen, or burden, and was used as the flagship for the expedition. Santa María was built in Pontevedra, Galicia, in Spain's North-West region. Her master and owner was Juan de la Cosa. La Santa María de la Inmaculada Concepción ( Spanish for: The Holy Mary of the Immaculate Conception), or La Santa María, originally La Gallega, was the largest of the three ships used by Christopher Columbus in his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. Ship model at Fort San Cristóbal, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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